Strata volcanoe vs. shield volcanoe

Stratovolcanoes, also known as composite cones, are the most picturesque and the most deadly of the volcano types. Their lower slopes are gentle, but they rise steeply near the summit to produce an overall morphology that is concave in an upward direction. The summit area typically contains a surprisingly small summit crater. This classic stratovolcano shape is exemplified by many well-known stratovolcanoes, such as Mt. Fuji in Japan, Mt. Mayon in the Philippines, and Mt. Agua in Guatemala.


The mountains creating the Hawaiian islands are among the greatest mountain ranges on earth.

Gulf Stream

The majority of the Gulf Stream is classified as a western boundary current. This means that it is a current with behavior determined by the presence of a coastline - in this case the eastern United States and Canada - and is found on the western edge of an oceanic basin. Western boundary currents are normally very warm, deep, and narrow currents that carry water from the tropics to the

The Gulf Loop Current, a circular stream of warm water that runs through the Gulf of Mexico during the spring and summer, is basically the highway upon which the oil slick would travel. The loop pulls currents from the Caribbean Basin and around the Gulf of Mexico. After water is dragged south and through the Florida Strait, it enters the Atlantic Ocean and joins with the more powerful Gulf Stream.

Gulf Current

The majority of the Gulf Stream is classified as a western boundary current. This means that it is a current with behavior determined by the presence of a coastline - in this case the eastern United States and Canada - and is found on the western edge of an oceanic basin. Western boundary currents are normally very warm, deep, and narrow currents that carry water from the tropics to the

The Gulf Loop Current, a circular stream of warm water that runs through the Gulf of Mexico during the spring and summer, is basically the highway upon which the oil slick would travel. The loop pulls currents from the Caribbean Basin and around the Gulf of Mexico. After water is dragged south and through the Florida Strait, it enters the Atlantic Ocean and joins with the more powerful Gulf Stream.

Plate Tectonics

The map of the Earth is always changing; not only are the underlying plates moving, but the plates change in size. Also, the sea level changes over time as the temperature on Earth varies and the poles melt or freeze to varied extents, covering or exposing different amounts of crust.

The theory of plate tectonics has done for geology what Charles Darwin's theory of evolution did for biology. It provides geology with a comprehensive theory that explains "how the Earth works." The theory was formulated in the 1960s and 1970s as new information was obtained about the nature of the ocean floor, Earth's ancient magnetism, the distribution of volcanoes and earthquakes, the flow of heat from Earth's interior, and the worldwide distribution of plant and animal fossils.

Ocean Water

The ocean waters can be divided into three layers, depending on their densities. Less dense waters form a top layer called the surface mixed zone. The temperature and salinity of this layer can change often because it is in direct contact with the air. For example, water evaporation could cause an increase in salinity, and a cold front could cause a drop in temperature.

There are four temperature scales that give us a relative understanding of the heat in the object or system we are measuring: Fahrenheit, Celsius, Kelvin, and (the less-common) Rankine. The Fahrenheit and Celsius scales are based on two fixed points, the Kelvin and Rankine scales are based on one.

The Water Cycle

The earth has a limited amount of water. The water keeps going around and around and around to what we call ''The Water Cycle''. Water can be in the atmosphere, on the land, in the ocean, and even underground. The water cycle keeps the water on earth balanced.

proporties of ocean water

Earth receives its warmth from the sun. Because the world rotates on an angle to its path around the sun, radiation is spread more evenly and seasons are experienced worldwide.
The Sea water consists of salt and other minerals. They are important for life.